Character Encoding史 1963-2026。ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange・1963・ANSI X3.4・7-bit 128文字)・EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code・IBM Mainframe System/360 1964・8-bit 256文字)・JIS X 0201 1969 (半角カナ)+JIS X 0208 1978 (第一/第二水準漢字 6,879字)+JIS X 0212 1990 (補助漢字)+JIS X 0213 2000・Shift_JIS (Microsoft 1982 SJIS・Windows-31J Microsoft Code Page 932)+EUC-JP (Extended Unix Code・1985 Sun/AT&T)+ISO-2022-JP (Email RFC 1468)・Unicode 1.0 1991+UCS-2+UCS-4+UTF-8 (Ken Thompson+Rob Pike 1992 Plan 9発祥)+UTF-16+UTF-32・絵文字: NTT DoCoMo i-mode 1999→Unicode 6.0 2010→Emoji 16.0 2024 (3,790絵文字)・BOM Byte Order Mark+CP932/CP932/CP65001・Mojibake 文字化け・¥0 標準、2026年UTF-8主流 (Web 99% UTF-8採用)。